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Meeting the Kyoto Targets: The Importance of Developing Country Participation Abstract: This paper investigates the implications of progressively broadening the scope of the market of
tradable permits from no emissions trading to full global trading. We start with the no emissions
trading case where each Annex I country must individually meet its Kyoto targets. Next, we
consider a case where trading of emissions permits is limited to Annex I countries only. We then
expand the scope of the market to include all the non-Annex I countries but China. Finally, to
investigate the role China plays in bringing down Annex I countries' compliance costs, we further
broaden the market to include China into full global trading. Our results clearly demonstrate that
the gain of the OECD as a whole increases as the market expands. Our results also show that
developing countries themselves benefit from such an expansion too because it not only
provides them for additional financial resources, but also helps to cut their baseline carbon
emissions by a big margin. By contrast, the former Soviet Union tends to become worse off as the
market expands. The potential conflict of interest between the former Soviet Union and
developing countries underlines the importance of establishing clear rules of procedure about
admitting new entrants before emissions trading begins.
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